40000m~3/h空分设备变负荷操作及过程优化

主要探讨了冶金用制氧机组如何适应炼钢炼铁需求量的不断变化,减少氧气放散。通过对40000 m3/h制氧机组进行变负荷操作以及对操作过程的优化,实现了节能降耗、减少氧气放散的目的。     

A multi-objective approach to optimal placement and sizing of multiple active power filters using a music-inspired algorithm

This paper proposes a new multi-objective framework for optimal placement and sizing of the active power filters (APFs) with satisfactory and acceptable standard levels. total harmonic distortion (THD) of voltage, harmonic transmission line loss (HTLL), motor load loss function (MLLF), and total APFs currents are the four objectives considered in the optimization, while harmonic distortions within standard level, and maximum allowable APF size, are modeled as constraints. The proposed model is one of non-convex optimization problem having a non-linear, mixed-integer nature. Since, a new modified harmony search algorithm (MHSA) is used and followed by a min–max technique in order to obtain the final optimal solution. The harmony search algorithm is a recently developed optimization algorithm, which imitates the music improvisation process. In this process, the Harmonists improvise their instrument pitches searching for the perfect state of harmony. The newly developed method has been applied on the IEEE 18-bus test system and IEEE 30-bus test system by different scenarios and cases to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. The detailed results of the case studies are presented and thoroughly analyzed. The obtained results illustrate the sufficiency and profitableness of the newly developed method in the placement and sizing of the multiple active power filters, when compared with other methods.     

Origin of extrinsic dielectric loss in 1:2 ordered,single-phase BaMg1/3Ta2/3O3

Among the family of temperature-compensated microwave dielectric ceramics, BaMg_1/3Ta_2/3O₃ shows the lowest dielectric loss and remains a material of choice for state-of-the-art airborne and land-based communication systems. We report on the compositional stability range, microwave dielectric properties, and the degree of atomic order of the title compound within the BaO–MgO–Ta₂O₅ ternary diagram. In most cases an atomic order is robust to the deviation from stoichiometry with an exception of Ba-rich and/or Ta-deficient samples which favor (partial) disorder. We further demonstrate that the dense, atomically ordered BaMg_1/3Ta_2/3O₃ ceramic shows large variation of dielectric loss within a single phase composition region – a clear message that the dielectric loss in practical ceramics is dominated by extrinsic sources and that the cation order alone is insufficient to achieve a minimum dielectric loss in BaMg_1/3Ta_2/3O₃. The low-temperature dielectric relaxation studies suggest that the extrinsic dielectric loss in the title compound is due to the ‘rattling’ of the off-centered Mg²⁺ ions misplaced at the Ba sites. Controlled deviation from the BaMg_1/3Ta_2/3O₃ stoichiometry toward the Mg-deficient region leads to suppression of the extrinsic dielectric loss as a result of the reduced chemical activity of Mg ion.     

离心泵与滑片泵流量脉动特性及串联实验研究

对离心泵和滑片泵的流量脉动特性进行研究,探讨两泵串联运行的可行性。然后建立以离心泵为前级泵、滑片泵为后级泵的串联实验平台,通过改变串联中间管路阻力和滑片泵的出口管路阻力对滑片泵的运行特性进行实验研究,实验结果表明:泵与管路所构成的系统流量小于或接近滑片泵的理论流量时,系统才能正常工作,否则会造成整个系统的流量和压力脉动;不可改变串联中间管路阻力,以免滑片泵偏离正常工作状态;可通过改变滑片泵的出口管路阻力调整泵和系统运行参数。     

碳溶反应温度对高反应性焦炭热态性能的影响

以钢渣为催化剂添加至焦煤中制备高反应性焦炭,研究碳溶反应温度对焦炭热态性能的影响及焦炭反应后的结构变化。结果表明,添加钢渣后,焦炭的反应性提高;随着碳溶反应温度的升高,焦炭的反应性呈线性增加,而反应后强度先缓慢降低然后迅速劣化;焦炭反应后的比表面积先增大而后减小。     

钻井液用阳离子型磺化酚醛树脂降滤失剂的研制

将阳离子结构单体在催化剂作用下引入酚醛树脂结构,再通过多步磺化反应制得阳离子型磺化酚醛树脂。简要描述了合成方法,检测了部分表征性能及作为水基钻井液降滤失剂的性能。在红外谱图中能清楚地看到阳离子结构。该结构样品在黏土颗粒上的饱和吸附量高达33.51 mg/g土,浊点盐度(以Cl-计)≥160g/L,参考石油天然气行业标准SY/T5094-2008将阳离子型磺化酚醛树脂200℃热滚16 h后在180℃,3.5 MPa条件下测试其滤失量,评价结果显示阳离子型磺化酚醛树脂的抗高温高压降滤失性优于现用SMP系列产品。     

中结合苯乙烯含量丁苯橡胶在轮胎中的应用研究

考察了采用中结合苯乙烯含量丁苯橡胶SBR1756制备轮胎的流变性能、老化性能、抗湿滑性能、滚动阻力以及耐磨耗性能,并与SBR1723N制备的轮胎性能进行了对比。研究结果表明,采用SBR1756制备的轮胎抗湿滑性能和耐磨耗性能优于采用SBR1723N制备的轮胎,两者的滚动阻力相当。     

天然气制油循环气脱碳活化剂和烃类损失研究

针对天然气制油（GTL）循环尾气组成在脱碳过程中对活化剂的降解损失以及烃类的损失进行了试验研究,报道了有机胺类活化剂与含氧有机气体以及烃类气体接触的降解试验数据。在模试装置上测定了原料气中烃类在GTL循环气脱碳溶剂中的损失,最高为0．69％,最低为0．08％。在溶液循环量不变的情况下,改变循环气的流量,在单位体积溶液溶解的烃类有随气量增高的趋势,但变化比较平缓,在5～8L／m3内缓慢上升。     

低温甲醇洗工艺对比

低温甲醇洗是目前煤化工项目普遍采用的脱硫脱碳工艺。国外主要有两家专利商的技术可供选择：德国林德公司、德国鲁奇公司。两种技术的原理相同、工艺流程类似。但两种工艺在系统的冷、热量、水含量方面取舍侧重不同。在不考虑设计余量的情况下,两种技术的冷量相差不大,但林德公司的设计余量大于鲁奇公司。两种工艺对系统中的水含量的耐受程度也不尽相同。     

石化企业电力变压器的节能分析

分析石化企业变压器自身的电能损耗和经济运行的措施,提出在新建、改建或扩建工程中大力推广应用新型节能变压器,工程设计时必须合理选择变压器的数量和容量,使其负载率接近经济运行状态。